Periodicidad semestral: flujo continuo.
ISSN - Electrónico: 2661-6947 / DOI: 10.36015 • LILACS BIREME (19784); LATINDEX (20666)
The incidence of perioperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the general population has been estimated in 20 to 30% reaching 80% in high risk population. It is associated with complications and low levels of
satisfaction in the postoperative period. Evidence shows better results when preventing the problem than handling it once it becomes established. We performed a comprehensive review of the current evidence in order
to elabórate the guidelines to prevent and treat PONV for the Anesthesiology department. Main recommendations according with this guidelines to treat and prevent NVPO are:
1) risk for PONV should be assessed in all patients undergoing surgery, with the amended Apfel scale in adults or the amended Eberhart scale in children,
2) measures to reduce baseline risk should be used in adults at modérate or high risk and all children,
3) pharmacologic prophylaxis with one drug for patients at modérate risk or low risk undergoing high risk surgery, prophylaxis with two drugs in patients at high risk or modérate risk undergoing high risk surgery and prophylaxis with three drugs in patients al high risk undergoing high risk surgery. Effective drugs to address and prevent PONV are ondasentron, granisetrón, palonosetron, droperidol and dexamethasone. Among these ondasentron is the election drug as rescue therapy.
Apfel CC, Roewer N, KortilaK. How to study postoperative nausea and vomiting. Acta Anaesthesiol
Scand, 2002; 46:921-928
Bel Marcoval 1, Gambús P. Estratificación del riesgo, profilaxis y tratamiento de las náuseas vómitos postoperatorios Rev Esp Anestesiol Reaním, 2006; 53:301-311
Golembiewski J; Chernin E; Chopra T. Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting.
American Journal of Health-SystemPharmacy. 2005; 62(12):1247-1260
- Apfel CC, Laara E, KoivurantaM,et al. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesiology; 1999, 91:693-700
- Carlisle J, Stevenson CA, Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (Review). Cochrane
Collaboration. Published by JohnWiley& Sons, Ltd. Cochrane; 2008
- Sinclair DR, Chung F, Mezei G. Can postoperative nausea and vomiting be predicted? Anesthesiology
;91:109-18
- Kovac AL. Management of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children. Pediatr Drugs, 2007; 9(l):47-69
- Gómez-Arnau Jl, Aguilar JL, Bovaira P, Bustos F, de Andrés J y col. Recomendaciones de prevención y tratamiento de las náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios y/o asociados a las infusiones de opioides. Rev Soc Esp Dolor, 2011; 1:24-42
- Eberahart LHJ, et al. AnesthAnalg 2004; 99:1630-7
- Apfel C, Kortilla K, Abdalla M, Kerger H, Turan A, et al. AFactorial Trial of Six Interventions for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. N Engl J Med; 2004, 350(24):2441-2451
Visser K, Hassink EA, Bonsel GJ, Moen J, Kalkman CJ. Randomized controlled trial of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol versus inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane-nitrous oxide: postoperative nausea with vomiting and economic analysis.Anesthesiology. 2001; 95(3):616-626.
- Gang TJ, Meyer TA, Apfel CC, Chung F, Davis PJ, y col. Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia Guidelines for
the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. AnesthAnalg 2007; 105(6), 1615-28
Up to date. George F Longstreth, MD. Paul J Hesketh, 19.1: January 2011
Henzi I, Sonderegger J, Tramer MR. Efficacy, doseresponse, and adverse effects of droperidol for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Can J Anesth 2000; 47; 537-51
- Gan TJ, Meyer TA, Apfel CC, et al, “Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia Guidelines for the Management
of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting,” AnesthAnalg, 2007, 105 (6):1615-28
Pueyo FJ, Lopez-Olaondo L, Sanchez-Ledesma MJ, Ortega A, Carrascosa F. Cost-effectiveness of three combinations of antiemetics in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Br J Anaesth 2003; 91 (4):589-592
Tramer M, Moore RA, Reynolds DJM, McQuay HJ. A quantitative systemic review of ondansetron in treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting. BMJ 1997;314:1088-92.
Kazemi-Kjellberg F, Henzi I, Tramer M. Treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting: a
quantitative systematic review. BMC Anesthesiology 2001, 1:2
Gan TJ, Franiak R, Reeves J. Ondansetron orally disintegrating tablet versus placebo for the prevention
of postdischarge nausea and vomiting after ambulatory surgery. Anesth Analg 2002;94:1199-200.
- Schroeter E, Schmitz A, Haas T, Weiss M, Gerber AC. Low-dose droperidol in children: rescue therapy
for persistent postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anaesthesist. 2012 Jan;61 (l):30-4
The authors who publish in this journal accept the following conditions:
1. The authors retain the copyright and grant to the CAMbios MEDICAL-SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL HECAM the right of the first publication, with the work registered with the Creative Commons attribution license, which allows third parties to use the published material provided that they mention the authorship of the work and the first publication in this journal.
2. Authors can make other independent and additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in this journal (for example, include it in an institutional repository or publish it in a book) as long as it clearly indicates that the work was published. for the first time in the CAMbios MEDICAL-SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL HECAM.