Periodicidad semestral: flujo continuo.
ISSN - Electrónico: 2661-6947 / DOI: 10.36015 • LILACS BIREME (19784); LATINDEX (20666)
Hyperthyroidism is a disorder characterized by an excess of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency is a key factor in this pathology and in places with iodine deficiency it is associated with thyroid autoimmunity. The prevalence of overt hyperthyroidism varies from 0,2% to 1,3% in iodine-sufficient areas; however, this may vary from country to country due to differences in diagnostic thresholds, assay sensitivity, and selected population. A report from The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) showed that overt hyperthyroidism occurs in 0,7% of the general population and subclinical hyperthyroidism
in 1,7%1,2. In incidence, the pathology is associated with iodine supplementation, with the highest frequency in areas of deficiencies, due to increased thyroid nodules in the elderly population, having
regions of mountainous areas such as South America, Central Africa and Southwest Asia within this group. A meta-analysis of European studies showed an overall incidence of 50 cases per 100000 person/years1. In Ecuador, according to data from the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) in 2017, 157
cases of hyperthyroidism were reported, of which, Graves’ disease (GD) was the most common cause, followed by toxic multinodular goiter (BMNT) and finally toxic adenoma (TA) with an incidence of 61 %, 24 % and 14 % respectively3. Patients with this pathology have an increased risk of cardiovascular
complications and all-cause mortality, with heart failure being one of the main outcomes, so early diagnosis avoids these events, mainly in the elderly population. The present protocol has been carried out for the correct treatment of this pathology at the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialties Hospital (HECAM).
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