Comparación de antibióticoterapia en la apendicitis complicada en pediatría.

  • Priscilla Carolina Riofrio Celi HCAM
  • Wuilian Rafael Ascanio HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES CARLOS ANDRADE MARÍN
  • Jorge Alberto Mier Jiménez HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES CARLOS ANDRADE MARÍN
  • Freud Cáceres Aucatoma HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES CARLOS ANDRADE MARÍN
Palabras clave: Apendicitis/complicaciones, Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico, Metronidazol, Ampicilina, Cefalexina, Gentamicinas

Resumen

INTRODUCCIÓN. La apendicitis aguda es una patología pediátrica quirúrgica que en su fase complicada requiere uso de antibióticos en el postoperatorio; encontrar la mejor opción como experiencia local, fue necesario. OBJETIVO. Comparar un esquema de antibioticoterapia triple vs un doble respecto a variables: demográficas, clínicas y de costos en pacientes pediátricos con apendicitis complicada. MATERIALES y MÉTODOS. Estudio analítico transversal. Población de 133 pacientes y una muestra de 93, operados por apendicitis complicada; 58 recibieron ampicilina + metronidazol + gentamicina y 35 ceftriaxona + metronidazol. Se comparó las variables: estadía hospitalaria, complicaciones y costo monetario de cada esquema. Se realizó en la Unidad de Cirugía Pediátrica del Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín,
en el periodo enero de 2017 a octubre de 2018. Los datos fueron analizados con R-Studio 1.8.366 para Windows. RESULTADOS. No hubo diferencia estadística con respecto a: estadía hospitalaria (p=0,261); complicaciones como infección del sitio quirúrgico (p=0,196), re-intervención quirúrgica (p=0,653) y costo (p=0,059). CONCLUSIÓN. Se comparó el esquema de antibioticoterapia triple vs un doble, utilizados
en apendicitis complicada en pediatría. No se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas en este reporte preliminar, con la diferencia de que con el esquema doble la frecuencia de administración fue menor y se evitó la exposición a los efectos colaterales de los aminoglicósidos.

Descargas

La descarga de datos todavía no está disponible.

Citas

Sellars H, Boorman P. Acute appendicitis . Surgery (Oxford) 2017; 35(8): 432-438. ISSN 0263-9319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpsur.2017.06.002. Available from: https://www.surgeryjournal.co.uk/article/S0263-9319(17)30134-5/fulltext

Rentea RM, St Peter SD. Pediatric Appendicitis. Surg Clin North Am. 2017 Feb;97(1):93-112. DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2016.08.009. PMID: 27894435. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27894435/

St Peter SD, Snyder CL. Operative management of appendicitis. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2016 Aug;25(4):208-11. DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2016.05.003. Epub 2016 May 10. PMID: 27521710. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27521710/

Pham XD, Sullins VF, Kim DY, Range B, Kaji AH, de Virgilio CM, Lee SL. Factors predictive of complicated appendicitis in children. J Surg Res. 2016 Nov; 206(1):62-66. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.07.023. Epub 2016 Jul 16. PMID: 27916376. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27916376/

Zouari M, Abid I, Sallami S, Guitouni A, Ben Dhaou M, Jallouli M, Mhiri R. Predictive factors of complicated appendicitis in children. Am J Emerg Med. 2017 Dec;35(12):1982-1983. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.06.049. Epub 2017 Jun 26. PMID: 28668176. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28668176/

Giannis D, Matenoglou E, Moris D. Hyponatremia as a marker of complicated appendicitis: A systematic review. Surgeon. 2020 Feb 5:S1479-666X(20)30013-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2020.01.002. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32035730. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32035730/

Turel O, Mirapoglu SL, Yuksel M, Ceylan A, Gultepe BS. Perforated appendicitis in children: antimicrobial susceptibility and antimicrobial stewardship. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019 Mar;16:159-161. DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.09.015. Epub 2018 Sep 27. PMID: 30268808. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30268808/

Schmitt F, Clermidi P, Dorsi M, Cocquerelle V, Gomes CF, Becmeur F. Bacterial studies of complicated appendicitis over a 20-year period and their impact on empirical antibiotic treatment. J Pediatr Surg. 2012 Nov;47(11):2055-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.04.025. PMID: 23163998. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23163998/

Desai AA, Alemayehu H, Holcomb GW 3rd, St Peter SD. Safety of a new protocol decreasing antibiotic utilization after laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis in children: A prospective observational study. J Pediatr Surg. 2015 Jun;50(6):912-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Mar 14. PMID: 25812441. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25812441/

Fraser JD, Aguayo P, Leys CM, Keckler SJ, Newland JG, Sharp SW, Murphy JP, Snyder CL, Sharp RJ, Andrews WS, Holcomb GW 3rd, Ostlie DJ, St Peter SD. A complete course of intravenous antibiotics vs a combination of intravenous and oral antibiotics for perforated appendicitis in children: a prospective, randomized trial. J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Jun;45(6):1198-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.02.090. PMID: 20620320. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20620320/

Snelling CM, Poenaru D, Drover JW. Minimum postoperative antibiotic duration in advanced appendicitis in children: a review. Pediatr Surg Int. 2004 Dec;20 (11-12):838-45. DOI: 10.1007/s00383-004-1280-x. Epub 2004 Oct 6. PMID: 15480707. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15480707/

Feng C, Anandalwar S, Sidhwa F, Glass C, Karki M, Zurakowski D, Rangel SJ. Beyond perforation: Influence of peritoneal contamination on clinical severity and resource utilization in children with perforated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg. 2016 Nov;51(11):1896-1899. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.08.002. Epub 2016 Aug 23. PMID: 27622589. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27622589/

Somers KK, Eastwood D, Liu Y, Arca MJ. Splitting hairs and challenging guidelines: Defining the role of perioperative antibiotics in pediatric appendicitis patients. J Pediatr Surg. 2020 Mar;55(3):406-413. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.07.004. Epub 2019 Jul 19. PMID: 31362826. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31362826/

Cunningham M, Zhu H, Hoch C, DeMello A, Gusman N, Fallon S, Lopez M. Effectiveness of a clinical pathway for pediatric complex Appendicitis based on antibiotic stewardship principles. J Pediatr Surg [In press corrected proof available online 3 March 2020]. ISSN 0022-3468, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.02.045. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022346820301767

Lee SL, Islam S, Cassidy LD, Abdullah F, Arca MJ; 2010 American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Clinical Trials Committee. Antibiotics and appendicitis in the pediatric population: an American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Clinical Trials Committee systematic review. J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Nov;45(11):2181-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.06.038. PMID: 21034941. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21034941/

Shawyer AC, Hatchell AC, Pemberton J, Flageole H. Compliance with published recommendations for postoperative antibiotic management of children with appendicitis: A chart audit. J Pediatr Surg. 2015 May;50(5):783-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.02.040. Epub 2015 Feb 19. PMID: 25783365. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25783365/

St Peter SD, Little DC, Calkins CM, Murphy JP, Andrews WS, Holcomb GW 3rd, Sharp RJ, Snyder CL, Ostlie DJ. A simple and more cost-effective antibiotic regimen for perforated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg. 2006 May;41(5):1020-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.12.054. PMID: 16677904. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16677904/

St Peter SD, Tsao K, Spilde TL, Holcomb GW 3rd, Sharp SW, Murphy JP, Snyder CL, Sharp RJ, Andrews WS, Ostlie DJ. Single daily dosing ceftriaxone and metronidazole vs standard triple antibiotic regimen for perforated appendicitis in children: a prospective randomized trial. J Pediatr Surg. 2008 Jun;43(6):981-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.02.018. PMID: 18558169; PMCID: PMC3082440. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3082440/

Taleb M, Nardi N, Arnaud A, Costet N, Donnio PY, Engrand C, Habonimana E, Wodey E, Tattevin P. Simplification of first-line antibacterial regimen for complicated appendicitis in children is associated with better adherence to guidelines and reduced use of antibiotics. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018 Aug; 52 (2):293-296. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.04.010. Epub 2018 Apr 18. PubMed PMID: 29678565. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29678565/

Nadler EP, Reblock KK, Ford HR, Gaines BA. Monotherapy versus multi-drug therapy for the treatment of perforated appendicitis in children. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2003 Winter;4(4):327-33. DOI: 10.1089/109629603322761382. PMID: 15012859. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15012859/

Do-Wyeld M, Rogerson T, Court-Kowalski S, Cundy TP, Khurana S. Fast-track surgery for acute appendicitis in children: a systematic review of protocol-based care. ANZ J Surg. 2019 Nov; 89(11):1379-1385. DOI: 10.1111/ans.15125. Epub 2019 Apr 15. Review. PubMed PMID: 30989778. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30989778/

Hamdy RF, Handy LK, Spyridakis E, Dona D, Bryan M, Collins JL, Gerber JS. Comparative Effectiveness of Ceftriaxone plus Metronidazole versus Anti-Pseudomonal Antibiotics for Perforated Appendicitis in Children. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2019 Jul; 20 (5):399-405. DOI: 10.1089/sur.2018.234. Epub 2019 Mar 15. PubMed PMID: 30874482; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6555178. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6555178/

Kim DY, Nassiri N, Saltzman D, Ferebee M, de Virgilio C. Postoperative antibiotics are not associated with decreased wound complications among patients undergoing appendectomy for complicated appendicitis. Am J Surg 2015; 210(6); 983-989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.07.001. Available from: https://www.americanjournalofsurgery.com/article/S0002-9610(15)00470-5/fulltext

Publicado
2021-09-29
Cómo citar
1.
Riofrio Celi P, Ascanio W, Mier Jiménez J, Cáceres Aucatoma F. Comparación de antibióticoterapia en la apendicitis complicada en pediatría. CAMbios-HECAM [Internet]. 29sep.2021 [citado 9dic.2024];20(1):21-5. Available from: https://revistahcam.iess.gob.ec/index.php/cambios/article/view/585
Sección
Estudio Original: Estudios Observacionales