Periodicidad semestral: flujo continuo.
ISSN - Electrónico: 2661-6947 / DOI: 10.36015 • LILACS BIREME (19784); LATINDEX (20666)
1. INTRODUCTION
The main function of the respiratory system is the exchange of gases during inharing and exhaling processes. An alteration in any part of this system can generate acute respiratory problems as in the case of acute respiratory failure (ARF), which is the inability of the lung to comply with the gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the external air and circulating blood1. It is accompanied by various signs and symptoms such as tachypnea, cyanosis, among others2, is of sudden start, and is the cause of admission to emergency units. This is why the World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that “hundreds of millions of people suffer the consequences of respiratory diseases every day”3. In the Basic Indicators-Ecuador 2012 of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador at the general level recorded 4 122 deaths due to ARI, corresponding to the Province of Pichincha 8254, in the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialties Hospital (HECAM).
The first cause of admission corresponded to pneumonia with 41,29% in the period January-September 2018 (General Coordination of Planning and Statistics HECAM). The proposed route constitutes a tool that allows the nursing staff to perform an effective evaluation through an initial, primary, and secondary assessment, with the purpose of avoiding complications during the care of pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure in the Pediatric Emergency Area Unit (UPAE).
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