Guillain Barré syndrome. Atypical case report.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis whose most common type is acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, with a mean age of onset of 40 years, with a predominance in men of all ages, races and nationalities. It is characterized by symmetrical ascending muscle weakness predominantly distal, generating a decrease or absence of deep tendon reflexes and which can compromise the cranial nerves, especially the seventh. CLINICAL CASE. A 23-year-old mixed-race male patient with a diagnosis of Guillain Barré who presented hyperreflexia in the lower extremities, without albumin-cytological dissociation. DISCUSSION. The phenomenon of hyperreflexia has been described in 13% of cases with Guillain Barré Syndrome, and the majority of cases occur in patients with acute motor axonal form. When reviewing the literature, cases of hyperreflexia commonly present as a late phenomenon towards the second week of evolution. Albumino-cytological dissociation can occur in approximately 35% of cases. CONCLUSIONS. It is important to report variations in the usual clinical manifestations of Guillain Barré in order to establish the diagnosis quickly and initiate treatment early and thus reduce possible sequelae.